帧中继网络包含三种拓扑结构:full-mesh(全互联)、partial-mesh(半互联)、star(hub-and-spoke)(星型拓扑)。帧中继默认是NBMA(非广播网络)。在考虑成本的情况下,多选用hub-and-spoke拓扑。在NBMA网络中,spoke 所发送的路由更新信息 (Uppdate) 被hub收到后, Hub不能把这个Update 从同一个接口转发到其他spoke, 使得路由器间不能分享路由信息。为了防止不破坏水平分割及其他避免环路模式,帧中继采用point-to-point、multipoint。
Point-to-point
原理:
如拓扑所示,将R1做为HUB,对s1/0划分子接口,使子接口在不同网段。不同网段之间通讯用路由协议实现。
缺点:浪费IP地址,可能要重新规划网段。
配置:
R1
router eigrp 100
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.1.4 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
router eigrp 100
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.1.4 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
R2
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.6 201 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 201 broadcast
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
router eigrp 100
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
!
R3
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.5 301 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.2 301 broadcast
no frame-relay inverse-arp
router eigrp 100
network 192.168.1.4 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
Multiple-point(multipoint)
原理:
将R1作为HUB,并使他们在同一子网中。
配置:
R1:
interface Serial1/0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
no frame-relay inverse-arp //关闭IARP,手动分配dlci
!
interface Serial1/0.11 multipoint
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.6 103 broadcast //frame-relay map
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.2 102 broadcast
!
R2
!
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 201 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.6 201
no frame-relay inverse-arp
R3
interface Serial1/0
ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
serial restart-delay 0
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.1 301 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.2 301 broadcast
no frame-relay inverse-arp

